Mayor problems facing Angola

Mayor problems facing Angola

The urban culture in ANGOLA

Angola is a country with cultural diversity, its urban culture is based on craftsmanship, Urbana Crafts Fair in its last year attracted more than 40 exhibitors and held in Luanda in tribute to women, the 40 exhibitors showed their crafts that reflect the history of Angola and its people

According Henda Traça in charge of the event, visitors found at the fair handicrafts, art, baskets, cuisine, sculpture, handmade cosmetics, among others.

Micro fairs usually the first Saturday of each month, seeking to encourage the work of artisans and show the world what skills are also performed angolanes

Problems of urban culture in Angola. The crafts.

The lack of state financial support to this type of event does not help that the show grow and to publicize more.

Space costs are very high and there are many street artists and artisans who can not buy a quota.

Not many countries in the world know of such fairs in the country and lack of promotion helps average people do not disclose the realization of such events.

Solutions to the problems of small-scale urban culture in Angola.

If published more media and helps promote these events and fairs internationally, foreign investment will increase in a new field for the country and supported the growth of naturally work hand in Angola.

Establish policies work and support from the states for the protection of artisanal urban culture of Angola.

Encourage private companies. His connection in such projects is reflected in other countries such as Colombia, Ecuador and Peru have helped promote urban culture artisanal worldwide as this grows massively.

Is this a time Angola to strengthen their cultural pride?

The latest version of the fair was held on women in tribute to the work they perform in society.

Your version number twenty seven had more than forty exhibitors who came to Luanda to show their work and that most represent the cultural richness that, the streets and fields of Angola as well as its historical context.

the fortalezimiento of this small emerging industry and the right support to help states that foreign investment is concentrated in this type of work and help their growth and fortalezimiento. Fortalezimiento also help the culture of the country.

  

       

ANGOLA Agriculture and livestock.

Angola is a country with an immense geographical diversity, it’s privileged to have areas with different climates, where it is possible to grow plantations to warm and tropical conditions. 

Tomatoes,Cucumber, coffee,sugar cane

 Fruits: Pear mango,orange, apple,etc..

The agriculture represent   approximately 20% of GDP to Angola, in addition the 70%   the population lives  of agriculture.


Having a strong agriculture , the livestock sector is favoured  which is an strong enough  economic  input  to country . It is noted  that   mining, oil and gas extraction and diamonds are activities that  occupy the more important part of GDP to Angola.

Problem in the history

The war  that occurred  in  1992 in Angola  generated:   violence, crime, vandalism in the agricultural lands  etc.. affecting the rural structure,

Angola's agricultural land is estimated at 58.29 million hectares (FAO, 2009), 20  of these were destroyed completely, the natives  had not  productive  lands and they didn’t  have an  economic sustaining, In consequence many of the farmers  and  habitants of villages decided   move to urban zone for safety.

In that  period the government was worried for  young people  who were accommodated in the cities, Due to  that  probably they would not return to the rural zones to  realize the agricultural activities (The people would not have anything to eat).Over the years the conflict was normalized gradually.In addition the World Program of Food  and NGO  collaborated  in sustaining  of Angola, through   distribution  the   food, seeds and agricultural implements to muffle the problem, that  help  was   until 1980.

Also affected was  livestock sector , because of the 20 million hectares(Destroyed)  12 were dedicated to this area.The  animal dont  have to eat and a lot of head of cattle  die.

Solutions

As solution, the community of Angola centered on the rehabilitation and strengthening of agrarian sector, the funds was given by donors and other part was given by the national . The donors  and the government established the program of Community Rehabilitation.

 Department of Agriculture and Rural Development , proposed a program in that  emphasis in the animal traction, use of fertilizers and agricultural commercial private companies, to increase the commercialization the progress in the country .

Actuality 

Nowadays, Department of Agriculture and Rural Development and Goesfishing, reinaugurated, in Huambo's city,  the laboratory of the Institute of Investigation, in an action that seeks to increase the agroindustrial sector .

                                        MAYOR PROBLEMS FACING ANGOLA

 

Public education in Angola

From primary to higher education

Compulsory education in Angola lasts for four years and the general attendance rate of is difficult to know since there are no official statistics, but around 70% of children (most of them, boys) attend school.

Under the ruling of the MPLA (Movimento Popular de Libertaçâo de Angola - People’s Movement for the Freedom of Angola), Marxism-Leninism was declared the basis for primary education, respecting traditional African values as well. Missionary schools were nationalized and private or religious organizations were not allowed to open schools.

Primary education is compulsory for four years, starting at seven years old until 11, and each school year has 171 days. Secondary education starts at eleven and lasts for eight years but many children do not continue with secondary education or higher studies. Especially in the case of girls, they tend to stay at home helping their families so they do not attend school as long or as often as boys. However, around 67% of the population over the age of 15 can read and write in Portuguese.

Although education is free, many schools were destroyed and looted during the long civil war so now they are overpopulated (sometimes there are 50 students per class). Often students need to bring their own material to class, including not only notebooks and pens but also, chairs. Another difficulty is the fact that often, schools are open air and classes may take place under a tree, so when the weather is bad, classes are cancelled.

Again due to the civil war there is a lack of qualified and trained teachers. Anyone with aLicenciatura (five year university degree) can take the exam to become a teacher, so the quality is not ideal either (40% of teachers are not properly qualified).

In the early 2000s, the Angolan budget for education was increased, nevertheless, it is not enough for the reconstruction of schools, the material needed and the salary of teachers, amongst other issues.

In 2009, the Ministry of Education implemented a new policy based on the Cuban system of education and brought some Cuban teachers to Angola as an experimental project. They expect to reduce the illiteracy rate to a minimum by 2014.

Also, with the help of UNICEF and the aim of reducing overcrowded classes, the government is building more schools in different provinces and improving existing conditions since some schools do not have even basic sanitary facilities.

Secondary education

Often, if children want to continue their studies into secondary education, they must move to a regional capital city, so most children do not continue.

Secondary education can last up to 7 years and is not free. The first three years are considered part of primary education but they are not compulsory. There are two programs, one that lasts three years (vocational secondary) and another that lasts four years (pre-university).

Both paths award students the diploma of Habilitaçoes Literarias (Secondary School Certificate). The graduation system in Angola is from 0 to 20, 20 being the best grade and 10 being the minimum required to pass (Suficiente). For a score of 13 to 15, you get a Bom (Good), and from 15 to 20, Excelente (Excellent).

Higher education

In order to access higher education in Angola, students must hold a diploma ofHabilitaçoes Literarias (Secondary School Certificate) and pass an entrance exam.

Their knowledge of Portuguese must be of a high level. After three years of study, students are awarded the Bacharelato, equivalent to a Bachelors degree. It can be followed by two more years in order to obtain a licenciatura, similar to a Master’s degree.

For a doctorate degree, the licenciatura is awarded after six years instead. As a postgraduate, you can continue your studies to obtain the diploma of Mestre or Doctor.

There are several universities in Angola, many are private or religious (mostly Catholic) and some are linked to European institutions. Less than 0.7% of the Angolan population attend university.